Number Systems

This table compares the representation of signed and unsigned integers in several of the number systems in use.

...
Sign
magni-
tude
Offset
Binary
2's
Compli-
ment
BCD
Excess-3
4221
Code
Gray
Code
-8
...
0000
1000
...
...
...
...
-7
1111
0001
1001
...
...
...
...
-6
1110
0010
1010
...
...
...
...
-5
1101
0011
1011
...
...
...
...
-4
1100
0100
1100
...
...
...
...
-3
1011
0101
1101
...
...
...
...
-2
1010
0110
1110
...
...
...
...
-1
1001
0111
1111
...
...
...
...
0
0000
1000
0000
0000 0000
0011 0011
0000
0000
1
0001
1001
0001
0000 0001
0011 0100
0001
0001
2
0010
1010
0010
0000 0010
0011 0101
0010
0011
3
0011
1011
0011
0000 0011
0011 0110
0011
0010
4
0100
1100
0100
0000 0100
0011 0111
1000
0110
5
0101
1101
0101
0000 0101
0011 1000
0111
0111
6
0110
1110
0110
0000 0110
0011 1001
1100
0101
7
0111
1111
0111
0000 0111
0011 1010
1101
0100
8
...
...
...
0000 1000
0011 1011
1110
1100
9
...
...
...
0000 1001
0011 1100
1111
1101
10
...
...
...
0001 0000
0100 0011
...
1111
11
...
...
...
0001 0001
0100 0100
...
1110
12
...
...
...
0001 0010
0100 0101
...
1010
13
...
...
...
0001 0011
0100 0110
...
1011
14
...
...
...
0001 0100
0100 0111
...
1001
15
...
...
...
0001 0101
0100 1000
...
1000
 Index

Electronics concepts

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