Emerald
 | This is the Chalk Emerald, a 37.8 carat emerald from Columbia. Columbia is the major source of emeralds. It is nestled in a cluster of 60 pear-shaped diamonds weighing a total of 15 carats. These specimens are displayed in the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. |
This is the Mackay Emerald and Diamond Necklace. This huge emerald is set in an art deco diamond and platinum pendant. In 1931, Clarence Mackay gave the necklace as a wedding gift to his wife, Anna Case - a prima donna at the New York Metropolitan Opera from 1909 to 1920. |
 |
 | This is the Hooker Emerald Brooch, containing a 75.47 carat emerald from Colombia. |
Indian Emerald Necklace, ColombiaThis art deco, Indian-style necklace features 24 emerald drops of graduated sizes, each adjoined by a smaller emerald bead. All are set in platinum with hundreds of small diamonds. |  |
 | This is the Inquisition Necklace. It is displayed in the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History.  |
The Inquisition Necklace contains 15 Columbian emeralds and 336 diamonds. The center emerald is 45 carats. Many of the gemstones in this necklace date back to the 17th century, when Spanish conquistadors shipped large quantities of emeralds from South America to Europe and Asia. Despite its name, the necklace has no known association with the infamous Spanish inquisition.
The large diamond and emerald gems were probably cut in India in the 1600s. Stringing the gems was an extremely delicate procedure that entailed drilling small holes in the large emeralds and the 16 largest diamonds. Legend has it that the necklace was owned first by Spanish royalty. The Maharajah of Indore acquired it in the early 20th century.
Maximilian Emerald Ring This emerald was once set in a ring worn by Mexico's ill-fated emperor, Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph. An Austrian archduke crowned emperor of Mexico in 1864, he was executed just three years later. |
 |
 | This is the Gachala Emerald from Vega de San Juan mine, Colombia. This uncut crystal weighs 858 carats - huge for an emerald. It is named after the mining district where it was found in 1967. Emerald has the chemical composition Be3Al2(SiO3)6 and is classified as a cyclosilicate. It has a hexagonal crystal system 6/m2/m2/m. Its density is 2.67-2.78 and it has an index of refraction in the range 1.566 to 1.602. It's hardness is 7.5 to 8 and its streak color is white. Some of the world's most famous emerald deposits are in Columbia around hydrothermal sites where they crystalize along fractures in carbonate rocks associated with hot springs. Emerald is a variety of the mineral beryl which is colored green by the inclusion of small amounts of chromium or vanadium. |
Mindat: Emerald
| Minerals |
| HyperPhysics*****Geophysics | R Nave |