Chromium

Symbol CrAtomic number 24
Atomic mass
51.966
Thermal conductivity
0.937
Atomic radius
1.85
Covalent radius
1.18
Density
7.19
Atomic volume
7.23
Melting point
2130
Oxidation states
6,3,2
Boiling point
2945
Stable isotopes
4
Heat of vapor.
344.3
Electronegativity
1.66
Heat of fusion
16.9
First ionization
6.766
Specific heat
0.45
Electrical conduct.
...
Electron configuration

General descriptionNuclear data
Index

Periodic Table

Chemistry concepts
 
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Chromium

Chromium is a silvery white metal with a bluish tinge. Its strength, corrosion resistance, and high melting point (1830°C) have led to applications in coating other metallic objects.

It has been used to coat the inside of barrels of large artillery pieces because it is able to withstand the hot powder gases. It becomes coated with a thin oxide layer which helps with corrosion protection.

Chromium is commonly used to plate brass and steel objects, such as plumbing fixtures.

Chromium is used in the production of steel alloys. Stainless steel contains 12-18% chromium and usually about 8% nickel.

Potassium dichromate is used widely as a bleach for photographic development.

Chromium and iron together form the oxide chromite, FeCr2O4. Chromium and lead are found in the mineral crocoite, PbCrO4.

Chromium is the first element to form an exception to the general order of filling of electron orbitals, filling five 3d states before it fills the second 4s state.


Atomic dataNuclear data
Index

Periodic Table

Chemistry concepts

Reference
Pauling
Ch. 29
 
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Chromium Nuclear Data

Z
A
Atomic
Mass (u)
Nuclear
Mass(GeV/c2
Binding
Energy(MeV)
Spin
Natural
Abund.
Half-life
Decay
Q
MeV
24
48
47.954033
44.6570
411.47
3/2
...
21.6h
EC
1.65
24
50
49.946046
46.5126
435.05
0
0.04345
stable
...
...
24
51
50.944768
47.4429
444.315
7/2
...
27.70d
EC
0.75
24
52
51.940510
48.3704
456.35
0
0.83789
stable
...
...
24
53
52.940651
49.3020
464.29
3/2
0.09501
stable
...
...
24
54
53.938883
50.2319
474.01
0
0.02365
stable
...
...
Atomic data
Index

Periodic Table

Chemistry concepts

Reference
Rohlf
 
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