Tin

Symbol SnAtomic number 50
Atomic mass
118.69
Thermal conductivity
0.666
Atomic radius
1.72
Covalent radius
1.41
Density
7.3
Atomic volume
16.3
Melting point
505.12
Oxidation states
4,2
Boiling point
2543
Stable isotopes
10
Heat of vapor.
295.8
Electronegativity
1.96
Heat of fusion
7.029
First ionization
7.344
Specific heat
0.227
Electrical conduct.
...
Electron configuration

General descriptionNuclear data
Index

Periodic Table

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Tin

Tin is a silvery-white metal with great malleability, permitting it to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets called tin-foil. Ordinary white tin has metallic properties, but at temperatures below 18°C it slowly changes form to a non-metallic allotropic modification, gray tin, which has the diamond structure. At very low temperatures, <-50°C, the speed of conversion may be fast enough for metallic tin objects to disintegrate into a powder of gray tin.

Tin finds extensive use as a protective layer for mild steel. Tin plating is done by dipping clean sheets of mild steel into molten tin, or by electroplating. Copper is also sometimes clad with tin in this way.

The principal alloys of tin are bronze (tin and copper), soft solder (tin and lead), pewter (75% tin and 25% lead), and britannia metal (tin with small amounts of antimony and copper).

Alloys of tin, lead, antimony and copper find application in surface contact bearings. They contain small hard crystals of a compound such as SnSb embedded in a soft matrix of tin or lead. The good bearing properties result from orientation of the hard crystals to present flat surfaces at the bearing surface.

Tin oxide, SnO2, is found in the mineral form cassiterite. It appears with iron and magnesium in the mineral Hulsite. Tin forms a sulfide with lead, iron and antimony is called cylindrite. A sulfide formed with lead and antimony is called franckeite. Stannite is a sulfide with tin and copper.

Atomic dataNuclear data
Index

Periodic Table

Chemistry concepts

Reference
Pauling
Ch. 28
 
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Tin Nuclear Data

Z
A
Atomic
Mass (u)
Nuclear
Mass(GeV/c2
Binding
Energy(MeV)
Spin
Natural
Abund.
Half-life
Decay
Q
MeV
50
112
111.904827
104.2140
953.54
0
0.0097
stable
...
...
50
114
113.902784
106.0751
971.58
0
0.0065
stable
...
...
50
115
114.903347
107.0071
979.13
1/2
0.0036
stable
...
...
50
116
115.901747
107.9371
988.69
0
0.1453
stable
...
...
50
117
116.902956
108.8697
995.64
1/2
0.0768
stable
...
...
50
118
117.901609
109.8000
1005.0
0
0.2422
stable
...
...
50
119
118.903311
110.7331
1011.4
1/2
0.0858
stable
...
...
50
120
119.902199
111.6635
1020.6
0
0.3259
stable
...
...
50
122
121.903440
113.5277
1035.5
0
0.0463
stable
...
...
50
123
122.905722
114.4613
1041.5
11/2
...
129.2d
b-
1.40
50
124
123.905274
115.3924
1050.0
0
0.0579
stable
...
...
50
126
125.907653
117.2576
1063.9
0
...
0.1My
b-
0.38
Atomic data
Index

Periodic Table

Chemistry concepts

Reference
Rohlf
 
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